223cc6685e
git-svn-id: svn://svn.compuextreme.de/Viitor/V963/Viitor_cc65@5933 504e572c-2e33-0410-9681-be2bf7408885
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307 lines
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<TITLE>cc65 Compiler Intro: Running The Executable</TITLE>
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<LINK HREF="intro-5.html" REL=previous>
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<LINK HREF="intro.html#toc6" REL=contents>
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Next
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<A HREF="intro.html#toc6">Contents</A>
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<H2><A NAME="s6">6.</A> <A HREF="intro.html#toc6">Running The Executable</A></H2>
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<P><EM>Note: this section is incomplete!</EM></P>
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<P>Depending on the target, cc65 chooses several methods of making a
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program available for execution. Here, we list sample emulators and
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instructions for running the program. Unless noted, similar instructions
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would also apply to a real machine. One word of advice: we suggest you clear
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the screen at the start, and wait for a keypress at the end of your program,
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as each target varies in it's start and exit conditions.</P>
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<H2><A NAME="ss6.1">6.1</A> <A HREF="intro.html#toc6.1">Apple</A>
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</H2>
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<H3>AppleWin 1.10.4</H3>
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<P>Available at
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<A HREF="http://www.jantzer-schmidt.de/applewin/">http://www.jantzer-schmidt.de/applewin/</A>:</P>
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<P>Emulates Apple II+/IIe computers, with sound, video, joysticks, serial port,
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and disk images. Includes monitor. Only for Windows. The package comes with
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ROM and DOS 3.3 disk (called "master.dsk") images; however, you will need
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<B>a2tools</B> (available at
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<A HREF="http://hotel04.ausys.se/pausch/apple2/#a2tools">http://hotel04.ausys.se/pausch/apple2/#a2tools</A>).</P>
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<P>Compile the tutorial with</P>
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<P>
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<BLOCKQUOTE><CODE>
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<PRE>
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cl65 -O -t apple2 hello.c text.s
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</PRE>
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</CODE></BLOCKQUOTE>
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for the Apple II, or:
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<BLOCKQUOTE><CODE>
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<PRE>
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cl65 -O -t apple2enh hello.c text.s
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</PRE>
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</CODE></BLOCKQUOTE>
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for the Apple IIe.</P>
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<P>Then, insert the file into an Apple disk image, for use with an emulator. Copy
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the <CODE>master.dsk</CODE> which comes with <B>Applewin</B>, and rename it to
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<CODE>cc65.dsk</CODE>, then use <B>a2tools</B>:</P>
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<P>
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<BLOCKQUOTE><CODE>
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<PRE>
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a2tools in -r b cc65.dsk TEST hello
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</PRE>
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</CODE></BLOCKQUOTE>
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</P>
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<P>Note that a convention in the Apple world is that "hello" is the file which is
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run automatically upon booting a DOS disk, sort of like the "autoexec.bat" of
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the MSDOS/Windows world. We've avoided that in the example, however. Also,
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the <CODE>TEST</CODE> parameter must be in caps., and is the name of the program as it
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will appear on the Apple disk.</P>
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<P>Start the emulator, click on the <B>Disk 1</B> icon, and point to <B>cc65.dsk</B>;
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then, click the big Apple logo, to boot the system. Then, type this on the
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Apple:</P>
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<P>
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<BLOCKQUOTE><CODE>
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<PRE>
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BRUN TEST
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</PRE>
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</CODE></BLOCKQUOTE>
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</P>
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<P>You will see the "Hello, World!" appear on the same line. Thanks to Oliver
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Schmidt,
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<A HREF="mailto:oliver@jantzer-schmidt.de">oliver@jantzer-schmidt.de</A> for his help in completing this section.</P>
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<H2><A NAME="ss6.2">6.2</A> <A HREF="intro.html#toc6.2">Atari</A>
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</H2>
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<H3>Atari800Win Plus 3.0</H3>
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<P>Available at
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<A HREF="http://www.a800win.atari-area.prv.pl">http://www.a800win.atari-area.prv.pl</A>:</P>
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<P>Emulates Atari 400/800/65XE/130XE/800XL/1200XL/5200, with stereo sound, disk
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images, scanline-exact NTSC/PAL video, joysticks, mouse, cartridges, and RAM
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expansions. Includes monitor. Unfortunately, only for Windows. You will need
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the emulator, "atarixl.rom" or "atariosb.rom"/"ataribas.rom", and "dos25.xfd"
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files (not supplied).</P>
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<P>Compile the tutorial with</P>
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<P>
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<BLOCKQUOTE><CODE>
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<PRE>
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cl65 -O -t atari hello.c text.s
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</PRE>
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</CODE></BLOCKQUOTE>
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</P>
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<P>Start the emulator, choose <B>File>Autoboot image</B> or <B>File>Load
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executable</B>, and point to the "<B>hello</B>" executable. It is customary to
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rename executables of that type to "<B>hello.xex</B>". The file has a 7-byte
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header meant to be loaded directly from Atari DOS 2/2.5 or compatibles.</P>
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<P>On a real Atari, you would need a disk drive, and Atari DOS 2.5 or compatible.
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Turn on the computer, type</P>
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<P>
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<BLOCKQUOTE><CODE>
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<PRE>
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DOS
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</PRE>
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</CODE></BLOCKQUOTE>
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</P>
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<P>at the BASIC prompt, then choose <B>N. CREATE MEM.SAV</B>,
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then choose <B>L. BINARY LOAD</B>, and enter <CODE>HELLO</CODE>.</P>
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<P>The emulation, also, supports that method. Look at <B>Atari>Settings</B>, and
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check <B>Enable H: Patch for Hard Disk Devices</B>, then <B>Atari>Hard
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disks</B>, and set the path of <B>H1:</B> to your executables directory, then use
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"<B>H0:HELLO.XEX</B>" in the above procedure (after pressing <CODE>L</CODE>), to access
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your harddrive directly.</P>
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<P><B>Note</B>: There is no delay after the program exits, as you are returned
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to the DOS menu. Your C program should wait for a keypress if you want to see
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any output.</P>
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<H2><A NAME="ss6.3">6.3</A> <A HREF="intro.html#toc6.3">Commodore</A>
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</H2>
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<H3>VICE 1.16</H3>
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<P>Available at
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<A HREF="http://www.zimmers.net/anonftp/pub/cbm/crossplatform/emulators/VICE/">http://www.zimmers.net/anonftp/pub/cbm/crossplatform/emulators/VICE/</A>,<BR>
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and at
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<A HREF="http://www.ibiblio.org/pub/micro/commodore/crossplatform/emulators/VICE/">http://www.ibiblio.org/pub/micro/commodore/crossplatform/emulators/VICE/</A>:</P>
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<P>Emulates Commodore 64/128/VIC-20/PET/CBM II/Plus 4 computers. Supports
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printers, serial port and adapters, stereo sound, disk drives and images, RAM
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expansions, cartridges, ethernet connection, cycle-exact NTSC/PAL video, mice,
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and joysticks. Includes monitor. Runs on MSDOS/PCDOS, Win9x/ME/NT/2000/XP, OS2,
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BeOS x86, Acorn RISC OS, and most Unixes.</P>
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<P>Compile the tutorial with
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<BLOCKQUOTE><CODE>
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<PRE>
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cl65 -O -t <sys> hello.c text.s
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</PRE>
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</CODE></BLOCKQUOTE>
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Substitute the name of a Commodore computer for that <CODE><sys></CODE>:
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<UL>
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<LI><CODE>c128</CODE></LI>
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<LI><CODE>c16</CODE></LI>
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<LI><CODE>c64</CODE></LI>
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<LI><CODE>cbm510</CODE></LI>
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<LI><CODE>cbm610</CODE></LI>
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<LI><CODE>pet</CODE></LI>
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<LI><CODE>plus4</CODE></LI>
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<LI><CODE>vic20</CODE></LI>
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</UL>
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</P>
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<P>Start the desired version of the emulator (CBM510 and CBM610 programs run on
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the CBM II [<CODE>xcbm2</CODE>] emulator).</P>
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<P>In the Windows versions of VICE, choose <B>File>Autoboot disk/tape
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image...</B>, choose your executable, and click <B>OK</B>.</P>
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<P>In the Unix versions, hold down the mouse's first button. Move the pointer to
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<B>Smart-attach disk/tape...</B>, and release the button. Choose your
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executable, and click <B>Autostart</B>.</P>
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<P>The file has a 14-byte header which corresponds to a PRG-format BASIC program,
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consisting of a single line, similar to this:</P>
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<P>
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<BLOCKQUOTE><CODE>
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<HR>
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<PRE>
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1000 sys2061
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</PRE>
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<HR>
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</CODE></BLOCKQUOTE>
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</P>
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<P>On a real Commodore with attached disk drive, you would type:</P>
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<P>
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<BLOCKQUOTE><CODE>
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<PRE>
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LOAD "0:HELLO",8
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</PRE>
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</CODE></BLOCKQUOTE>
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</P>
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<P>for VIC-20/C64, or:</P>
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<P>
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<BLOCKQUOTE><CODE>
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<PRE>
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DLOAD "HELLO"
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</PRE>
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</CODE></BLOCKQUOTE>
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</P>
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<P>on PET/CBM II/C128/C16/Plus 4; then, type</P>
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<P>
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<BLOCKQUOTE><CODE>
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<PRE>
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RUN
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</PRE>
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</CODE></BLOCKQUOTE>
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</P>
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<P>On a Commodore 128, you can combine those two commands:
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<BLOCKQUOTE><CODE>
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<PRE>
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RUN "HELLO"
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</PRE>
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</CODE></BLOCKQUOTE>
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</P>
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<P>The output will appear on a separate line, and you will be returned to a BASIC
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prompt.</P>
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<H2><A NAME="ss6.4">6.4</A> <A HREF="intro.html#toc6.4">GEOS</A>
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</H2>
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<P>Available at <I>Click Here Software's</I>
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<A HREF="http://cmdrkey.com/cbm/geos/geos1.html">GEOS download page</A>:</P>
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<P><I><B>G</B>raphics <B>E</B>nvironment <B>O</B>perating <B>S</B>ystem.</I>
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It provides a WIMP GUI (Windows, Icons, and Mouse-Pointer Graphical User
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Interface) for Commodore's computer models <B>64</B> and <B>128</B>. It can be
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controlled by many different types of input devices:
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<UL>
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<LI>keyboard</LI>
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<LI>joysticks</LI>
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<LI>mice</LI>
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<LI>trackballs</LI>
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<LI>graphics drawing tablets</LI>
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<LI>light-pens</LI>
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</UL>
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</P>
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<P>The tutorial files are different for GEOS. You will find them "next door," in
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"<CODE>cc65/samples/geos</CODE>"; they are called "<CODE>hello1.c</CODE>" and
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"<CODE>apphello1.grc</CODE>".</P>
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<P>Compile the tutorial with
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<BLOCKQUOTE><CODE>
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<PRE>
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cl65 -O -t geos hello1.c apphello1.grc
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</PRE>
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</CODE></BLOCKQUOTE>
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Copy the resulting file "<CODE>hello1</CODE>" onto a (GEOS-format) disk.</P>
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<P>Boot the GEOS master disk/image.</P>
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<P>
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<BLOCKQUOTE>
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When you want to run GEOS in an emulator, you must adjust that emulator so that
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it does a "true drive" emulation. Each emulator has its own way of turning that
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feature on.
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</BLOCKQUOTE>
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</P>
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<P>
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<BLOCKQUOTE>
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VICE even has different ways that depend on which operating system is running
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the emulator.
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<UL>
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<LI>In Windows, you must click on <B>Options</B> (in an always visible menu).
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Then, you must click on <B>True drive emulation</B>.</LI>
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<LI>In Unix, you must <EM>hold down</EM> the second button on your mouse. Move
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the pointer down to <B>Drive settings</B>. Then, move the pointer over to
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<B>Enable true drive emulation</B>. (If there is a check-mark in front of
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those words, that feature already is turned on -- then, move the pointer
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off of that menu.) Release the mouse button.</LI>
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</UL>
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</BLOCKQUOTE>
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</P>
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<P>Find the <B>CONVERT</B> program on the boot disk [tap the 6-key; then, you
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should see it's icon in the fourth position on the <B>deskTop</B>'s directory
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notePad]. Move GEOS's pointer over to <B>CONVERT</B>'s icon; double-click
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it to run that program. Click on the <B>Disk</B> icon; put the disk with
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"<CODE>hello1</CODE>" into the drive; and, click the <B>OK</B> icon. Use the little
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icons under the list of file-names to move through that list until you find
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"<CODE>hello1</CODE>". Click on it; and then, click on the <B>Convrt</B> icon.
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<B>CONVERT</B> will ask you to confirm that you choose the correct file; click
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<B>YES</B> if you did (or, click <B>NO</B> if you made a mistake). After the
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program has converted "<CODE>hello1</CODE>" from a CBM file into a GEOS file, it will
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announce what it did -- click on <B>OK</B>. <B>CONVERT</B> will show the file list
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again. This time, click on <B>Quit</B>.</P>
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<P>(You might need to put the boot disk back into the drive, in order to reload
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<B>deskTop</B>. Then, you must swap back to the disk with the tutorial program
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on it, and click on its disk icon [on the right side of the screen].)</P>
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<P>Now, you must find <B>hello1</B>. Click on the lower left-hand corner of the
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directory notePad. Look at the eight file-positions on each page until you see
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<B>hello1</B>. Double-click on its icon.</P>
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<P>The output is shown in a GEOS dialog box; click <B>OK</B> when you have finished
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reading it.</P>
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<H2><A NAME="ss6.5">6.5</A> <A HREF="intro.html#toc6.5">Contributions wanted</A>
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</H2>
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<P>We need your help! Recommended emulators and instructions for other targets
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are missing. We suggest that you choose emulators with good compatibility.
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Also, being able to run all computers in the target series is good for
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target compatibility testing. A machine-language monitor is almost essential
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for debugging, but a native debugger could be used, as well.</P>
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<P>Finally, emulators which run on Unix or Windows would help to reach a wider
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audience.</P>
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<HR>
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